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Archive::Zip(3)                User Contributed Perl Documentation                Archive::Zip(3)



NAME
       Archive::Zip - Provide an interface to ZIP archive files.

SYNOPSIS
          # Create a Zip file
          use Archive::Zip qw( :ERROR_CODES :CONSTANTS );
          my $zip = Archive::Zip->new();

          # Add a directory
          my $dir_member = $zip->addDirectory( 'dirname/' );

          # Add a file from a string with compression
          my $string_member = $zip->addString( 'This is a test', 'stringMember.txt' );
          $string_member->desiredCompressionMethod( COMPRESSION_DEFLATED );

          # Add a file from disk
          my $file_member = $zip->addFile( 'xyz.pl', 'AnotherName.pl' );

          # Save the Zip file
          unless ( $zip->writeToFileNamed('someZip.zip') == AZ_OK ) {
              die 'write error';
          }

          # Read a Zip file
          my $somezip = Archive::Zip->new();
          unless ( $somezip->read( 'someZip.zip' ) == AZ_OK ) {
              die 'read error';
          }

          # Change the compression type for a file in the Zip
          my $member = $somezip->memberNamed( 'stringMember.txt' );
          $member->desiredCompressionMethod( COMPRESSION_STORED );
          unless ( $zip->writeToFileNamed( 'someOtherZip.zip' ) == AZ_OK ) {
              die 'write error';
          }

DESCRIPTION
       The Archive::Zip module allows a Perl program to create, manipulate, read, and write Zip
       archive files.

       Zip archives can be created, or you can read from existing zip files.

       Once created, they can be written to files, streams, or strings. Members can be added,
       removed, extracted, replaced, rearranged, and enumerated.  They can also be renamed or
       have their dates, comments, or other attributes queried or modified. Their data can be
       compressed or uncompressed as needed.

       Members can be created from members in existing Zip files, or from existing directories,
       files, or strings.

       This module uses the Compress::Raw::Zlib library to read and write the compressed streams
       inside the files.

       One can use Archive::Zip::MemberRead to read the zip file archive members as if they were
       files.

       File Naming

       Regardless of what your local file system uses for file naming, names in a Zip file are in
       Unix format (forward slashes (/) separating directory names, etc.).

       "Archive::Zip" tries to be consistent with file naming conventions, and will translate
       back and forth between native and Zip file names.

       However, it can't guess which format names are in. So two rules control what kind of file
       name you must pass various routines:

       Names of files are in local format.
           "File::Spec" and "File::Basename" are used for various file operations. When you're
           referring to a file on your system, use its file naming conventions.

       Names of archive members are in Unix format.
           This applies to every method that refers to an archive member, or provides a name for
           new archive members. The "extract()" methods that can take one or two names will con-
           vert from local to zip names if you call them with a single name.

       Archive::Zip Object Model


       Overview

       Archive::Zip::Archive objects are what you ordinarily deal with.  These maintain the
       structure of a zip file, without necessarily holding data. When a zip is read from a disk
       file, the (possibly compressed) data still lives in the file, not in memory. Archive mem-
       bers hold information about the individual members, but not (usually) the actual member
       data. When the zip is written to a (different) file, the member data is compressed or
       copied as needed.  It is possible to make archive members whose data is held in a string
       in memory, but this is not done when a zip file is read. Directory members don't have any
       data.

       Inheritance

         Exporter
          Archive::Zip                            Common base class, has defs.
              Archive::Zip::Archive               A Zip archive.
              Archive::Zip::Member                Abstract superclass for all members.
                  Archive::Zip::StringMember      Member made from a string
                  Archive::Zip::FileMember        Member made from an external file
                      Archive::Zip::ZipFileMember Member that lives in a zip file
                      Archive::Zip::NewFileMember Member whose data is in a file
                  Archive::Zip::DirectoryMember   Member that is a directory

EXPORTS
       :CONSTANTS
           Exports the following constants:

           FA_MSDOS FA_UNIX GPBF_ENCRYPTED_MASK GPBF_DEFLATING_COMPRESSION_MASK
           GPBF_HAS_DATA_DESCRIPTOR_MASK COMPRESSION_STORED COMPRESSION_DEFLATED
           IFA_TEXT_FILE_MASK IFA_TEXT_FILE IFA_BINARY_FILE COMPRESSION_LEVEL_NONE COMPRES-
           SION_LEVEL_DEFAULT COMPRESSION_LEVEL_FASTEST COMPRESSION_LEVEL_BEST_COMPRESSION

       :MISC_CONSTANTS
           Exports the following constants (only necessary for extending the module):

           FA_AMIGA FA_VAX_VMS FA_VM_CMS FA_ATARI_ST FA_OS2_HPFS FA_MACINTOSH FA_Z_SYSTEM FA_CPM
           FA_WINDOWS_NTFS GPBF_IMPLODING_8K_SLIDING_DICTIONARY_MASK GPBF_IMPLODING_3_SHAN-
           NON_FANO_TREES_MASK GPBF_IS_COMPRESSED_PATCHED_DATA_MASK COMPRESSION_SHRUNK DEFLAT-
           ING_COMPRESSION_NORMAL DEFLATING_COMPRESSION_MAXIMUM DEFLATING_COMPRESSION_FAST
           DEFLATING_COMPRESSION_SUPER_FAST COMPRESSION_REDUCED_1 COMPRESSION_REDUCED_2 COMPRES-
           SION_REDUCED_3 COMPRESSION_REDUCED_4 COMPRESSION_IMPLODED COMPRESSION_TOKENIZED COM-
           PRESSION_DEFLATED_ENHANCED COMPRESSION_PKWARE_DATA_COMPRESSION_LIBRARY_IMPLODED

       :ERROR_CODES
           Explained below. Returned from most methods.

           AZ_OK AZ_STREAM_END AZ_ERROR AZ_FORMAT_ERROR AZ_IO_ERROR

ERROR CODES
       Many of the methods in Archive::Zip return error codes. These are implemented as inline
       subroutines, using the "use constant" pragma. They can be imported into your namespace
       using the ":ERROR_CODES" tag:

         use Archive::Zip qw( :ERROR_CODES );

         ...

         unless ( $zip->read( 'myfile.zip' ) == AZ_OK ) {
             die "whoops!";
         }

       AZ_OK (0)
           Everything is fine.

       AZ_STREAM_END (1)
           The read stream (or central directory) ended normally.

       AZ_ERROR (2)
           There was some generic kind of error.

       AZ_FORMAT_ERROR (3)
           There is a format error in a ZIP file being read.

       AZ_IO_ERROR (4)
           There was an IO error.

       Compression

       Archive::Zip allows each member of a ZIP file to be compressed (using the Deflate algo-
       rithm) or uncompressed.

       Other compression algorithms that some versions of ZIP have been able to produce are not
       supported. Each member has two compression methods: the one it's stored as (this is always
       COMPRESSION_STORED for string and external file members), and the one you desire for the
       member in the zip file.

       These can be different, of course, so you can make a zip member that is not compressed out
       of one that is, and vice versa.

       You can inquire about the current compression and set the desired compression method:

         my $member = $zip->memberNamed( 'xyz.txt' );
         $member->compressionMethod();    # return current compression

         # set to read uncompressed
         $member->desiredCompressionMethod( COMPRESSION_STORED );

         # set to read compressed
         $member->desiredCompressionMethod( COMPRESSION_DEFLATED );

       There are two different compression methods:

       COMPRESSION_STORED
           File is stored (no compression)

       COMPRESSION_DEFLATED
           File is Deflated

       Compression Levels

       If a member's desiredCompressionMethod is COMPRESSION_DEFLATED, you can choose different
       compression levels. This choice may affect the speed of compression and decompression, as
       well as the size of the compressed member data.

         $member->desiredCompressionLevel( 9 );

       The levels given can be:

       0 or COMPRESSION_LEVEL_NONE
           This is the same as saying

             $member->desiredCompressionMethod( COMPRESSION_STORED );

       1 .. 9
           1 gives the best speed and worst compression, and 9 gives the best compression and
           worst speed.

       COMPRESSION_LEVEL_FASTEST
           This is a synonym for level 1.

       COMPRESSION_LEVEL_BEST_COMPRESSION
           This is a synonym for level 9.

       COMPRESSION_LEVEL_DEFAULT
           This gives a good compromise between speed and compression, and is currently equiva-
           lent to 6 (this is in the zlib code).  This is the level that will be used if not
           specified.

Archive::Zip Methods
       The Archive::Zip class (and its invisible subclass Archive::Zip::Archive) implement
       generic zip file functionality. Creating a new Archive::Zip object actually makes an
       Archive::Zip::Archive object, but you don't have to worry about this unless you're sub-
       classing.

       Constructor


       new( [$fileName] )
           Make a new, empty zip archive.

               my $zip = Archive::Zip->new();

           If an additional argument is passed, new() will call read() to read the contents of an
           archive:

               my $zip = Archive::Zip->new( 'xyz.zip' );

           If a filename argument is passed and the read fails for any reason, new will return
           undef. For this reason, it may be better to call read separately.

       Zip Archive Utility Methods

       These Archive::Zip methods may be called as functions or as object methods. Do not call
       them as class methods:

           $zip = Archive::Zip->new();
           $crc = Archive::Zip::computeCRC32( 'ghijkl' );    # OK
           $crc = $zip->computeCRC32( 'ghijkl' );            # also OK
           $crc = Archive::Zip->computeCRC32( 'ghijkl' );    # NOT OK

       Archive::Zip::computeCRC32( $string [, $crc] )
           This is a utility function that uses the Compress::Raw::Zlib CRC routine to compute a
           CRC-32. You can get the CRC of a string:

               $crc = Archive::Zip::computeCRC32( $string );

           Or you can compute the running CRC:

               $crc = 0;
               $crc = Archive::Zip::computeCRC32( 'abcdef', $crc );
               $crc = Archive::Zip::computeCRC32( 'ghijkl', $crc );

       Archive::Zip::setChunkSize( $number )
           Report or change chunk size used for reading and writing.  This can make big differ-
           ences in dealing with large files.  Currently, this defaults to 32K. This also changes
           the chunk size used for Compress::Raw::Zlib. You must call setChunkSize() before read-
           ing or writing. This is not exportable, so you must call it like:

               Archive::Zip::setChunkSize( 4096 );

           or as a method on a zip (though this is a global setting).  Returns old chunk size.

       Archive::Zip::chunkSize()
           Returns the current chunk size:

               my $chunkSize = Archive::Zip::chunkSize();

       Archive::Zip::setErrorHandler( \&subroutine )
           Change the subroutine called with error strings. This defaults to \&Carp::carp, but
           you may want to change it to get the error strings. This is not exportable, so you
           must call it like:

               Archive::Zip::setErrorHandler( \&myErrorHandler );

           If myErrorHandler is undef, resets handler to default.  Returns old error handler.
           Note that if you call Carp::carp or a similar routine or if you're chaining to the
           default error handler from your error handler, you may want to increment the number of
           caller levels that are skipped (do not just set it to a number):

               $Carp::CarpLevel++;

       Archive::Zip::tempFile( [$tmpdir] )
           Create a uniquely named temp file. It will be returned open for read/write. If $tmpdir
           is given, it is used as the name of a directory to create the file in. If not given,
           creates the file using "File::Spec::tmpdir()". Generally, you can override this choice
           using the

               $ENV{TMPDIR}

           environment variable. But see the File::Spec documentation for your system. Note that
           on many systems, if you're running in taint mode, then you must make sure that
           $ENV{TMPDIR} is untainted for it to be used.  Will NOT create $tmpdir if it doesn't
           exist (this is a change from prior versions!). Returns file handle and name:

               my ($fh, $name) = Archive::Zip::tempFile();
               my ($fh, $name) = Archive::Zip::tempFile('myTempDir');
               my $fh = Archive::Zip::tempFile();  # if you don't need the name

       Zip Archive Accessors


       members()
           Return a copy of the members array

               my @members = $zip->members();

       numberOfMembers()
           Return the number of members I have

       memberNames()
           Return a list of the (internal) file names of the zip members

       memberNamed( $string )
           Return ref to member whose filename equals given filename or undef. $string must be in
           Zip (Unix) filename format.

       membersMatching( $regex )
           Return array of members whose filenames match given regular expression in list con-
           text. Returns number of matching members in scalar context.

               my @textFileMembers = $zip->membersMatching( '.*\.txt' );
               # or
               my $numberOfTextFiles = $zip->membersMatching( '.*\.txt' );

       diskNumber()
           Return the disk that I start on. Not used for writing zips, but might be interesting
           if you read a zip in. This should be 0, as Archive::Zip does not handle multi-volume
           archives.

       diskNumberWithStartOfCentralDirectory()
           Return the disk number that holds the beginning of the central directory. Not used for
           writing zips, but might be interesting if you read a zip in. This should be 0, as
           Archive::Zip does not handle multi-volume archives.

       numberOfCentralDirectoriesOnThisDisk()
           Return the number of CD structures in the zipfile last read in.  Not used for writing
           zips, but might be interesting if you read a zip in.

       numberOfCentralDirectories()
           Return the number of CD structures in the zipfile last read in.  Not used for writing
           zips, but might be interesting if you read a zip in.

       centralDirectorySize()
           Returns central directory size, as read from an external zip file. Not used for writ-
           ing zips, but might be interesting if you read a zip in.

       centralDirectoryOffsetWRTStartingDiskNumber()
           Returns the offset into the zip file where the CD begins. Not used for writing zips,
           but might be interesting if you read a zip in.

       zipfileComment( [$string] )
           Get or set the zipfile comment. Returns the old comment.

               print $zip->zipfileComment();
               $zip->zipfileComment( 'New Comment' );

       eocdOffset()
           Returns the (unexpected) number of bytes between where the EOCD was found and where it
           expected to be. This is normally 0, but would be positive if something (a virus, per-
           haps) had added bytes somewhere before the EOCD. Not used for writing zips, but might
           be interesting if you read a zip in. Here is an example of how you can diagnose this:

             my $zip = Archive::Zip->new('somefile.zip');
             if ($zip->eocdOffset())
             {
               warn "A virus has added ", $zip->eocdOffset, " bytes of garbage\n";
             }

           The "eocdOffset()" is used to adjust the starting position of member headers, if nec-
           essary.

       fileName()
           Returns the name of the file last read from. If nothing has been read yet, returns an
           empty string; if read from a file handle, returns the handle in string form.

       Zip Archive Member Operations

       Various operations on a zip file modify members. When a member is passed as an argument,
       you can either use a reference to the member itself, or the name of a member. Of course,
       using the name requires that names be unique within a zip (this is not enforced).

       removeMember( $memberOrName )
           Remove and return the given member, or match its name and remove it. Returns undef if
           member or name doesn't exist in this Zip. No-op if member does not belong to this zip.

       replaceMember( $memberOrName, $newMember )
           Remove and return the given member, or match its name and remove it. Replace with new
           member. Returns undef if member or name doesn't exist in this Zip, or if $newMember is
           undefined.

           It is an (undiagnosed) error to provide a $newMember that is a member of the zip being
           modified.

               my $member1 = $zip->removeMember( 'xyz' );
               my $member2 = $zip->replaceMember( 'abc', $member1 );
               # now, $member2 (named 'abc') is not in $zip,
               # and $member1 (named 'xyz') is, having taken $member2's place.

       extractMember( $memberOrName [, $extractedName ] )
           Extract the given member, or match its name and extract it.  Returns undef if member
           doesn't exist in this Zip. If optional second arg is given, use it as the name of the
           extracted member. Otherwise, the internal filename of the member is used as the name
           of the extracted file or directory.  If you pass $extractedName, it should be in the
           local file system's format.  All necessary directories will be created. Returns
           "AZ_OK" on success.

       extractMemberWithoutPaths( $memberOrName [, $extractedName ] )
           Extract the given member, or match its name and extract it.  Does not use path infor-
           mation (extracts into the current directory). Returns undef if member doesn't exist in
           this Zip.  If optional second arg is given, use it as the name of the extracted member
           (its paths will be deleted too). Otherwise, the internal filename of the member (minus
           paths) is used as the name of the extracted file or directory. Returns "AZ_OK" on suc-
           cess.

       addMember( $member )
           Append a member (possibly from another zip file) to the zip file. Returns the new mem-
           ber. Generally, you will use addFile(), addDirectory(), addFileOrDirectory(),
           addString(), or read() to add members.

               # Move member named 'abc' to end of zip:
               my $member = $zip->removeMember( 'abc' );
               $zip->addMember( $member );

       updateMember( $memberOrName, $fileName )
           Update a single member from the file or directory named $fileName.  Returns the (pos-
           sibly added or updated) member, if any; "undef" on errors.  The comparison is based on
           "lastModTime()" and (in the case of a non-directory) the size of the file.

       addFile( $fileName [, $newName ] )
           Append a member whose data comes from an external file, returning the member or undef.
           The member will have its file name set to the name of the external file, and its
           desiredCompressionMethod set to COMPRESSION_DEFLATED. The file attributes and last
           modification time will be set from the file.  If the name given does not represent a
           readable plain file or symbolic link, undef will be returned. $fileName must be in the
           format required for the local file system.  The optional $newName argument sets the
           internal file name to something different than the given $fileName. $newName, if
           given, must be in Zip name format (i.e. Unix).  The text mode bit will be set if the
           contents appears to be text (as returned by the "-T" perl operator).

           NOTE that you shouldn't (generally) use absolute path names in zip member names, as
           this will cause problems with some zip tools as well as introduce a security hole and
           make the zip harder to use.

       addDirectory( $directoryName [, $fileName ] )
           Append a member created from the given directory name. The directory name does not
           have to name an existing directory.  If the named directory exists, the file modifica-
           tion time and permissions are set from the existing directory, otherwise they are set
           to now and permissive default permissions.  $directoryName must be in local file sys-
           tem format.  The optional second argument sets the name of the archive member (which
           defaults to $directoryName). If given, it must be in Zip (Unix) format.  Returns the
           new member.

       addFileOrDirectory( $name [, $newName ] )
           Append a member from the file or directory named $name. If $newName is given, use it
           for the name of the new member.  Will add or remove trailing slashes from $newName as
           needed.  $name must be in local file system format.  The optional second argument sets
           the name of the archive member (which defaults to $name). If given, it must be in Zip
           (Unix) format.

       addString( $stringOrStringRef, $name )
           Append a member created from the given string or string reference. The name is given
           by the second argument.  Returns the new member. The last modification time will be
           set to now, and the file attributes will be set to permissive defaults.

               my $member = $zip->addString( 'This is a test', 'test.txt' );

       contents( $memberOrMemberName [, $newContents ] )
           Returns the uncompressed data for a particular member, or undef.

               print "xyz.txt contains " . $zip->contents( 'xyz.txt' );

           Also can change the contents of a member:

               $zip->contents( 'xyz.txt', 'This is the new contents' );

           If called expecting an array as the return value, it will include the status as the
           second value in the array.

               ($content, $status) = $zip->contents( 'xyz.txt');

       Zip Archive I/O operations

       A Zip archive can be written to a file or file handle, or read from one.

       writeToFileNamed( $fileName )
           Write a zip archive to named file. Returns "AZ_OK" on success.

               my $status = $zip->writeToFileNamed( 'xx.zip' );
               die "error somewhere" if $status != AZ_OK;

           Note that if you use the same name as an existing zip file that you read in, you will
           clobber ZipFileMembers. So instead, write to a different file name, then delete the
           original.  If you use the "overwrite()" or "overwriteAs()" methods, you can re-write
           the original zip in this way.  $fileName should be a valid file name on your system.

       writeToFileHandle( $fileHandle [, $seekable] )
           Write a zip archive to a file handle. Return AZ_OK on success. The optional second arg
           tells whether or not to try to seek backwards to re-write headers. If not provided, it
           is set if the Perl "-f" test returns true. This could fail on some operating systems,
           though.

               my $fh = IO::File->new( 'someFile.zip', 'w' );
               unless ( $zip->writeToFileHandle( $fh ) == AZ_OK ) {
                   # error handling
               }

           If you pass a file handle that is not seekable (like if you're writing to a pipe or a
           socket), pass a false second argument:

               my $fh = IO::File->new( '| cat > somefile.zip', 'w' );
               $zip->writeToFileHandle( $fh, 0 );   # fh is not seekable

           If this method fails during the write of a member, that member and all following it
           will return false from "wasWritten()". See writeCentralDirectory() for a way to deal
           with this.  If you want, you can write data to the file handle before passing it to
           writeToFileHandle(); this could be used (for instance) for making self-extracting
           archives. However, this only works reliably when writing to a real file (as opposed to
           STDOUT or some other possible non-file).

           See examples/selfex.pl for how to write a self-extracting archive.

       writeCentralDirectory( $fileHandle [, $offset ] )
           Writes the central directory structure to the given file handle.

           Returns AZ_OK on success. If given an $offset, will seek to that point before writing.
           This can be used for recovery in cases where writeToFileHandle or writeToFileNamed
           returns an IO error because of running out of space on the destination file.

           You can truncate the zip by seeking backwards and then writing the directory:

               my $fh = IO::File->new( 'someFile.zip', 'w' );
                   my $retval = $zip->writeToFileHandle( $fh );
               if ( $retval == AZ_IO_ERROR ) {
                   my @unwritten = grep { not $_->wasWritten() } $zip->members();
                   if (@unwritten) {
                       $zip->removeMember( $member ) foreach my $member ( @unwritten );
                       $zip->writeCentralDirectory( $fh,
                       $unwritten[0]->writeLocalHeaderRelativeOffset());
                   }
               }

       overwriteAs( $newName )
           Write the zip to the specified file, as safely as possible.  This is done by first
           writing to a temp file, then renaming the original if it exists, then renaming the
           temp file, then deleting the renamed original if it exists. Returns AZ_OK if
           successful.

       overwrite()
           Write back to the original zip file. See overwriteAs() above.  If the zip was not ever
           read from a file, this generates an error.

       read( $fileName )
           Read zipfile headers from a zip file, appending new members.  Returns "AZ_OK" or error
           code.

               my $zipFile = Archive::Zip->new();
               my $status = $zipFile->read( '/some/FileName.zip' );

       readFromFileHandle( $fileHandle, $filename )
           Read zipfile headers from an already-opened file handle, appending new members. Does
           not close the file handle.  Returns "AZ_OK" or error code. Note that this requires a
           seekable file handle; reading from a stream is not yet supported.

               my $fh = IO::File->new( '/some/FileName.zip', 'r' );
               my $zip1 = Archive::Zip->new();
               my $status = $zip1->readFromFileHandle( $fh );
               my $zip2 = Archive::Zip->new();
               $status = $zip2->readFromFileHandle( $fh );

       Zip Archive Tree operations

       These used to be in Archive::Zip::Tree but got moved into Archive::Zip. They enable opera-
       tion on an entire tree of members or files.  A usage example:

         use Archive::Zip;
         my $zip = Archive::Zip->new();

         # add all readable files and directories below . as xyz/*
         $zip->addTree( '.', 'xyz' );

         # add all readable plain files below /abc as def/*
         $zip->addTree( '/abc', 'def', sub { -f && -r } );

         # add all .c files below /tmp as stuff/*
         $zip->addTreeMatching( '/tmp', 'stuff', '\.c$' );

         # add all .o files below /tmp as stuff/* if they aren't writable
         $zip->addTreeMatching( '/tmp', 'stuff', '\.o$', sub { ! -w } );

         # add all .so files below /tmp that are smaller than 200 bytes as stuff/*
         $zip->addTreeMatching( '/tmp', 'stuff', '\.o$', sub { -s < 200 } );

         # and write them into a file
         $zip->writeToFileNamed('xxx.zip');

         # now extract the same files into /tmpx
         $zip->extractTree( 'stuff', '/tmpx' );

       $zip->addTree( $root, $dest [,$pred] ) -- Add tree of files to a zip
           $root is the root of the tree of files and directories to be added. It is a valid
           directory name on your system. $dest is the name for the root in the zip file (undef
           or blank means to use relative pathnames). It is a valid ZIP directory name (that is,
           it uses forward slashes (/) for separating directory components). $pred is an optional
           subroutine reference to select files: it is passed the name of the prospective file or
           directory using $_, and if it returns true, the file or directory will be included.
           The default is to add all readable files and directories. For instance, using

             my $pred = sub { /\.txt/ };
             $zip->addTree( '.', '', $pred );

           will add all the .txt files in and below the current directory, using relative names,
           and making the names identical in the zipfile:

             original name           zip member name
             ./xyz                   xyz
             ./a/                    a/
             ./a/b                   a/b

           To translate absolute to relative pathnames, just pass them in: $zip->addTree( '/c/d',
           'a' );

             original name           zip member name
             /c/d/xyz                a/xyz
             /c/d/a/                 a/a/
             /c/d/a/b                a/a/b

           Returns AZ_OK on success. Note that this will not follow symbolic links to directo-
           ries. Note also that this does not check for the validity of filenames.

           Note that you generally don't want to make zip archive member names absolute.

       $zip->addTreeMatching( $root, $dest, $pattern [,$pred] )
           $root is the root of the tree of files and directories to be added $dest is the name
           for the root in the zip file (undef means to use relative pathnames) $pattern is a
           (non-anchored) regular expression for filenames to match $pred is an optional subrou-
           tine reference to select files: it is passed the name of the prospective file or
           directory in $_, and if it returns true, the file or directory will be included.  The
           default is to add all readable files and directories. To add all files in and below
           the current dirctory whose names end in ".pl", and make them extract into a subdirec-
           tory named "xyz", do this:

             $zip->addTreeMatching( '.', 'xyz', '\.pl$' )

           To add all writable files in and below the dirctory named "/abc" whose names end in
           ".pl", and make them extract into a subdirectory named "xyz", do this:

             $zip->addTreeMatching( '/abc', 'xyz', '\.pl$', sub { -w } )

           Returns AZ_OK on success. Note that this will not follow symbolic links to directo-
           ries.

       $zip->updateTree( $root, [ $dest, [ $pred [, $mirror]]] );
           Update a zip file from a directory tree.

           "updateTree()" takes the same arguments as "addTree()", but first checks to see
           whether the file or directory already exists in the zip file, and whether it has been
           changed.

           If the fourth argument $mirror is true, then delete all my members if corresponding
           files weren't found.

           Returns an error code or AZ_OK if all is well.

       $zip->extractTree()
       $zip->extractTree( $root )
       $zip->extractTree( $root, $dest )
       $zip->extractTree( $root, $dest, $volume )
           If you don't give any arguments at all, will extract all the files in the zip with
           their original names.

           If you supply one argument for $root, "extractTree" will extract all the members whose
           names start with $root into the current directory, stripping off $root first.  $root
           is in Zip (Unix) format.  For instance,

             $zip->extractTree( 'a' );

           when applied to a zip containing the files: a/x a/b/c ax/d/e d/e will extract:

           a/x as ./x

           a/b/c as ./b/c

           If you give two arguments, "extractTree" extracts all the members whose names start
           with $root. It will translate $root into $dest to construct the destination file name.
           $root and $dest are in Zip (Unix) format.  For instance,

              $zip->extractTree( 'a', 'd/e' );

           when applied to a zip containing the files: a/x a/b/c ax/d/e d/e will extract:

           a/x to d/e/x

           a/b/c to d/e/b/c and ignore ax/d/e and d/e

           If you give three arguments, "extractTree" extracts all the members whose names start
           with $root. It will translate $root into $dest to construct the destination file name,
           and then it will convert to local file system format, using $volume as the name of the
           destination volume.

           $root and $dest are in Zip (Unix) format.

           $volume is in local file system format.

           For instance, under Windows,

              $zip->extractTree( 'a', 'd/e', 'f:' );

           when applied to a zip containing the files: a/x a/b/c ax/d/e d/e will extract:

           a/x to f:d/e/x

           a/b/c to f:d/e/b/c and ignore ax/d/e and d/e

           If you want absolute paths (the prior example used paths relative to the current
           directory on the destination volume, you can specify these in $dest:

              $zip->extractTree( 'a', '/d/e', 'f:' );

           when applied to a zip containing the files: a/x a/b/c ax/d/e d/e will extract:

           a/x to f:\d\e\x

           a/b/c to f:\d\e\b\c and ignore ax/d/e and d/e

           Returns an error code or AZ_OK if everything worked OK.

MEMBER OPERATIONS
       Member Class Methods

       Several constructors allow you to construct members without adding them to a zip archive.
       These work the same as the addFile(), addDirectory(), and addString() zip instance methods
       described above, but they don't add the new members to a zip.

       Archive::Zip::Member->newFromString( $stringOrStringRef [, $fileName] )
           Construct a new member from the given string. Returns undef on error.

               my $member = Archive::Zip::Member->newFromString( 'This is a test',
                                                            'xyz.txt' );

       newFromFile( $fileName )
           Construct a new member from the given file. Returns undef on error.

               my $member = Archive::Zip::Member->newFromFile( 'xyz.txt' );

       newDirectoryNamed( $directoryName [, $zipname ] )
           Construct a new member from the given directory.  $directoryName must be a valid name
           on your file system; it doesn't have to exist.

           If given, $zipname will be the name of the zip member; it must be a valid Zip (Unix)
           name. If not given, it will be converted from $directoryName.

           Returns undef on error.

               my $member = Archive::Zip::Member->newDirectoryNamed( 'CVS/' );

       Member Simple accessors

       These methods get (and/or set) member attribute values.

       versionMadeBy()
           Gets the field from the member header.

       fileAttributeFormat( [$format] )
           Gets or sets the field from the member header. These are "FA_*" values.

       versionNeededToExtract()
           Gets the field from the member header.

       bitFlag()
           Gets the general purpose bit field from the member header.  This is where the "GPBF_*"
           bits live.

       compressionMethod()
           Returns the member compression method. This is the method that is currently being used
           to compress the member data.  This will be COMPRESSION_STORED for added string or file
           members, or any of the "COMPRESSION_*" values for members from a zip file. However,
           this module can only handle members whose data is in COMPRESSION_STORED or COMPRES-
           SION_DEFLATED format.

       desiredCompressionMethod( [$method] )
           Get or set the member's "desiredCompressionMethod". This is the compression method
           that will be used when the member is written. Returns prior desiredCompressionMethod.
           Only COMPRESSION_DEFLATED or COMPRESSION_STORED are valid arguments. Changing to COM-
           PRESSION_STORED will change the member desiredCompressionLevel to 0; changing to COM-
           PRESSION_DEFLATED will change the member desiredCompressionLevel to COMPRES-
           SION_LEVEL_DEFAULT.

       desiredCompressionLevel( [$method] )
           Get or set the member's desiredCompressionLevel This is the method that will be used
           to write. Returns prior desiredCompressionLevel. Valid arguments are 0 through 9, COM-
           PRESSION_LEVEL_NONE, COMPRESSION_LEVEL_DEFAULT, COMPRESSION_LEVEL_BEST_COMPRESSION,
           and COMPRESSION_LEVEL_FASTEST. 0 or COMPRESSION_LEVEL_NONE will change the desiredCom-
           pressionMethod to COMPRESSION_STORED.  All other arguments will change the desiredCom-
           pressionMethod to COMPRESSION_DEFLATED.

       externalFileName()
           Return the member's external file name, if any, or undef.

       fileName()
           Get or set the member's internal filename. Returns the (possibly new) filename. Names
           will have backslashes converted to forward slashes, and will have multiple consecutive
           slashes converted to single ones.

       lastModFileDateTime()
           Return the member's last modification date/time stamp in MS-DOS format.

       lastModTime()
           Return the member's last modification date/time stamp, converted to unix localtime
           format.

               print "Mod Time: " . scalar( localtime( $member->lastModTime() ) );

       setLastModFileDateTimeFromUnix()
           Set the member's lastModFileDateTime from the given unix time.

               $member->setLastModFileDateTimeFromUnix( time() );

       internalFileAttributes()
           Return the internal file attributes field from the zip header. This is only set for
           members read from a zip file.

       externalFileAttributes()
           Return member attributes as read from the ZIP file. Note that these are NOT UNIX!

       unixFileAttributes( [$newAttributes] )
           Get or set the member's file attributes using UNIX file attributes. Returns old
           attributes.

               my $oldAttribs = $member->unixFileAttributes( 0666 );

           Note that the return value has more than just the file permissions, so you will have
           to mask off the lowest bits for comparisions.

       localExtraField( [$newField] )
           Gets or sets the extra field that was read from the local header. This is not set for
           a member from a zip file until after the member has been written out. The extra field
           must be in the proper format.

       cdExtraField( [$newField] )
           Gets or sets the extra field that was read from the central directory header. The
           extra field must be in the proper format.

       extraFields()
           Return both local and CD extra fields, concatenated.

       fileComment( [$newComment] )
           Get or set the member's file comment.

       hasDataDescriptor()
           Get or set the data descriptor flag. If this is set, the local header will not neces-
           sarily have the correct data sizes. Instead, a small structure will be stored at the
           end of the member data with these values. This should be transparent in normal opera-
           tion.

       crc32()
           Return the CRC-32 value for this member. This will not be set for members that were
           constructed from strings or external files until after the member has been written.

       crc32String()
           Return the CRC-32 value for this member as an 8 character printable hex string. This
           will not be set for members that were constructed from strings or external files until
           after the member has been written.

       compressedSize()
           Return the compressed size for this member. This will not be set for members that were
           constructed from strings or external files until after the member has been written.

       uncompressedSize()
           Return the uncompressed size for this member.

       isEncrypted()
           Return true if this member is encrypted. The Archive::Zip module does not currently
           create or extract encrypted members.

       isTextFile( [$flag] )
           Returns true if I am a text file. Also can set the status if given an argument (then
           returns old state). Note that this module does not currently do anything with this
           flag upon extraction or storage. That is, bytes are stored in native format whether or
           not they came from a text file.

       isBinaryFile()
           Returns true if I am a binary file. Also can set the status if given an argument (then
           returns old state). Note that this module does not currently do anything with this
           flag upon extraction or storage. That is, bytes are stored in native format whether or
           not they came from a text file.

       extractToFileNamed( $fileName )
           Extract me to a file with the given name. The file will be created with default modes.
           Directories will be created as needed.  The $fileName argument should be a valid file
           name on your file system.  Returns AZ_OK on success.

       isDirectory()
           Returns true if I am a directory.

       writeLocalHeaderRelativeOffset()
           Returns the file offset in bytes the last time I was written.

       wasWritten()
           Returns true if I was successfully written. Reset at the beginning of a write attempt.

       Low-level member data reading

       It is possible to use lower-level routines to access member data streams, rather than the
       extract* methods and contents(). For instance, here is how to print the uncompressed con-
       tents of a member in chunks using these methods:

           my ( $member, $status, $bufferRef );
           $member = $zip->memberNamed( 'xyz.txt' );
           $member->desiredCompressionMethod( COMPRESSION_STORED );
           $status = $member->rewindData();
           die "error $status" unless $status == AZ_OK;
           while ( ! $member->readIsDone() )
           {
           ( $bufferRef, $status ) = $member->readChunk();
           die "error $status"
                       if $status != AZ_OK && $status != AZ_STREAM_END;
           # do something with $bufferRef:
           print $$bufferRef;
           }
           $member->endRead();

       readChunk( [$chunkSize] )
           This reads the next chunk of given size from the member's data stream and compresses
           or uncompresses it as necessary, returning a reference to the bytes read and a status.
           If size argument is not given, defaults to global set by Archive::Zip::setChunkSize.
           Status is AZ_OK on success until the last chunk, where it returns AZ_STREAM_END.
           Returns "( \$bytes, $status)".

               my ( $outRef, $status ) = $self->readChunk();
               print $$outRef if $status != AZ_OK && $status != AZ_STREAM_END;

       rewindData()
           Rewind data and set up for reading data streams or writing zip files. Can take options
           for "inflateInit()" or "deflateInit()", but this isn't likely to be necessary.  Sub-
           class overrides should call this method. Returns "AZ_OK" on success.

       endRead()
           Reset the read variables and free the inflater or deflater.  Must be called to close
           files, etc. Returns AZ_OK on success.

       readIsDone()
           Return true if the read has run out of data or errored out.

       contents()
           Return the entire uncompressed member data or undef in scalar context. When called in
           array context, returns "( $string, $status )"; status will be AZ_OK on success:

               my $string = $member->contents();
               # or
               my ( $string, $status ) = $member->contents();
               die "error $status" unless $status == AZ_OK;

           Can also be used to set the contents of a member (this may change the class of the
           member):

               $member->contents( "this is my new contents" );

       extractToFileHandle( $fh )
           Extract (and uncompress, if necessary) the member's contents to the given file handle.
           Return AZ_OK on success.

Archive::Zip::FileMember methods
       The Archive::Zip::FileMember class extends Archive::Zip::Member. It is the base class for
       both ZipFileMember and NewFileMember classes. This class adds an "externalFileName" and an
       "fh" member to keep track of the external file.

       externalFileName()
           Return the member's external filename.

       fh()
           Return the member's read file handle. Automatically opens file if necessary.

Archive::Zip::ZipFileMember methods
       The Archive::Zip::ZipFileMember class represents members that have been read from external
       zip files.

       diskNumberStart()
           Returns the disk number that the member's local header resides in.  Should be 0.

       localHeaderRelativeOffset()
           Returns the offset into the zip file where the member's local header is.

       dataOffset()
           Returns the offset from the beginning of the zip file to the member's data.

REQUIRED MODULES
       Archive::Zip requires several other modules:

       Carp

       Compress::Raw::Zlib

       Cwd

       File::Basename

       File::Copy

       File::Find

       File::Path

       File::Spec

       IO::File

       IO::Seekable

       Time::Local

BUGS AND CAVEATS
       When not to use Archive::Zip

       If you are just going to be extracting zips (and/or other archives) you are recommended to
       look at using Archive::Extract instead, as it is much easier to use and factors out
       archive-specific functionality.

       Try to avoid IO::Scalar

       One of the most common ways to use Archive::Zip is to generate Zip files in-memory. Most
       people have use IO::Scalar for this purpose.

       Unfortunately, as of 1.11 this module no longer works with IO::Scalar as it incorrectly
       implements seeking.

       Anybody using IO::Scalar should consider porting to IO::String, which is smaller, lighter,
       and is implemented to be perfectly compatible with regular seekable filehandles.

       Support for IO::Scalar most likely will not be restored in the future, as IO::Scalar
       itself cannot change the way it is implemented due to back-compatibility issues.

TO DO
       * auto-choosing storing vs compression

       * extra field hooks (see notes.txt)

       * check for dups on addition/renaming?

       * Text file extraction (line end translation)

       * Reading zip files from non-seekable inputs
         (Perhaps by proxying through IO::String?)

       * separate unused constants into separate module

       * cookbook style docs

       * Handle tainted paths correctly

       * Work on better compatability with other IO:: modules

SUPPORT
       Bugs should be reported via the CPAN bug tracker

       <http://rt.cpan.org/NoAuth/ReportBug.html?Queue=Archive-Zip>

       For other issues contact the maintainer

AUTHOR
       Adam Kennedy <>

       Previously maintained by Steve Peters <>.

       File attributes code by Maurice Aubrey <>.

       Originally by Ned Konz <>.

COPYRIGHT
       Some parts copyright 2006 - 2009 Adam Kennedy.

       Some parts copyright 2005 Steve Peters.

       Original work copyright 2000 - 2004 Ned Konz.

       This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the same
       terms as Perl itself.

SEE ALSO
       Look at Archive::Zip::MemberRead which is a wrapper that allows one to read Zip archive
       members as if they were files.

       Compress::Raw::Zlib, Archive::Tar, Archive::Extract

       There is a Japanese translation of this document at
       <http://www.memb.jp/~deq/perl/doc-ja/Archive-Zip.html> that was done by DEQ
       <> . Thanks!



perl v5.8.8                                 2009-06-30                            Archive::Zip(3)